General reference works

Civilizations of the Ancient Near East (4 vols.; ed. Jack M. Sasson; New York, 1995; reprinted 4 vols. in 2; Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson Publishers, 2000).

Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible (2d ed.; ed. K. van der Toorn, et al.; Leiden/Grand Rapids: Brill/William B. Eerdmans, 1999).

Joseph A. Fitzmyer, The Dead Sea Scrolls: Major Publications and Tools for Study (3d ed.; Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1990).

J. B. Pritchard, Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament (3d ed.; Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1969).

 

History of writing resources

E. Doblhofer, Voices in Stone: The Decipherment of Ancient Scripts and Writings (New York, 1961; reprinted, New York: Collier, 1971).

I. J. Gelb, A Study of Writing (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1963).

C. H. Gordon, Forgotten Scripts: How They Were Deciphered and Their Impact on Contemporary Culture (New York: Basic Books, Inc., 1968).

The World's Writing Systems (ed. Peter T. Daniels and William Bright; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996).

 

Modern language resources

Cassell’s French-English (New York: Macmillan, 1962).

Cassell’s English and German Dictionary (New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1965).

Larousse’s French-English/English-French Dictionary (New York: Pocket Books, 1971).

The New Wildhagen German Dictionary (Chicago: Follett Publishing Company, 1965).

 

Atlases

T. Cornell and J. Matthews, Atlas of the Roman World (New York: Facts on File, 1982).

M. Grant, Atlas of Ancient History (rev. ed.; New York: Dorset Press, 1983).

P. Levi, Atlas of the Greek World (New York: Facts of File, 1991).

D. Matthew, Atlas of Medieval Europe (New York: Facts of File, 1992).

Oxford Bible Atlas (ed. H.G. May; London: Oxford University Press, 1968).

J. Rogerson, Atlas of the Bible (New York: Facts on File, 1985).

M. Roaf, Cultural Atlas of Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East (New York: Facts on File, 1990).

 

Historical and cultural resources

Yohanan Aharoni, The Archaeology of the Land of Israel: From the Prehistoric Beginnings to the End of the First Temple Period (trans. Anson F. Rainey; Philadelphia: Westminster, 1982).

William F. Albright, The Archaeology of Palestine (Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1949).

______, The Biblical Period from Abraham to Ezra (New York: Harper & Row, 1963).

J. J. G. Alexander, Medieval Illuminators and Their Methods of Work (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1992).

Robert Alter, The Art of Biblical Narrative (New York: Basic Books, 1981).

M. C. Astour, Hellenosemitica: An Ethnic and Cultural Study in West Semitic Impact on Mycenaean Greece (Leiden: Brill, 1967).

C. Bache, "Tel Billa: First Assyrian Level," in The Museum Journal, vol. XXIV, no. 1 (Philadelphia: The University Museum/University of Pennsylvania, 1935) 32-33.

J. Berlinerblau, "Official Religion and Popular Religion in Pre-Exilic Ancient Israel" (Lecture: University of Cincinnati, May 11 2000).

The Biblical Archaeologist Reader: Volume I (ed. G. Ernest Wright and David Noel Freedman; Garden City, N.Y.: Anchor Books, 1961).

John Bright, A History of Israel (2d ed.; Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1972).

Carl Brockelmann, History of the Islamic Peoples (trans. Joel Carmichael and Moshe Perlmann; New York: Capricorn Books, 1960).

E. A. Wallis Budge, Osiris: The Egyptian Religion of Resurrection (New Hyde Park, NY: University Books, 1961).

Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research (Numbers 224-228, December 1976-December 1977) (Missoula, Montana: American Schools of Oriental Research/Scholars Press).

F. M. Cross, Canaanite Myth and Hebrew Epic: Essays in the History of the Religion of Israel (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1973).

F. E. Deist, Towards the Text of the Old Testament (trans. W. K. Winckler (2d ed.; Pretoria: N. G. Kerkboekhandel Transvaal, 1981).

D. R. Dicks, Early Greek Astronomy to Aristotle (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1970).

I. E. S. Edwards, The Pyramids of Egypt (rev. ed.; Baltimore: Penguin, 1961).

E. L. Ehrlich, A Concise History of Israel (New York: Harper & Row, 1965).

G. M. Fitzgerald, "Beth-Shan: Earliest Pottery," in The Museum Journal, vol. XXIV, no.1 (Philadelphia: The University Museum/University of Pennsylvania, 1935) 5-32.

A. Gardiner, Egypt of the Pharaohs: An Introduction (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1961).

T. H. Gaster, Thespis: Ritual, Myth, and Drama in the Ancient Near East (2^nd revised ed.; New York: Doubleday, 1961).

R. J. Gillings, Mathematics in the Time of the Pharaohs (New York: Dover, 1982).

C. H. Gordon, The Ancient Near East (3d ed.; New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1965).

______, The Common Background of Greek and Hebrew Civilizations (New York: Norton & Company, 1965).

______, Ugarit and Minoan Crete: The Bearing of Their Texts on the Origins of Western Culture (New York: Norton & Company, 1967).

Gustave E. von Grunebaum, Medieval Islam: A Study in Cultural Orientation (2d ed.; Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1954).

Alfred Guillaume, Islam (2d rev. ed.; Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1956).

H. Gunkel, The Legends of Genesis: The Biblical Saga and History (New York: Schocken Books, 1964).

W. W. Hallo and W. K. Simpson, The Ancient Near East: A History (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1971).

D. Harden, The Phoenicians (New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1962).

John H. Hayes and Carl R. Holladay, Biblical Exegesis: A Beginner's Handbook (rev. ed.; Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1987).

A. Heidel, The Gilgamesh Epic and Old Testament Parallels (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1963).

Philip K. Hitti, Makers of Arab History (New York: Harper & Row, 1971).

The Idea of History in the Ancient Near East (ed. R. C. Dentan; New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1955).

Henri Frankfort, et al., The Intellectual Adventure of Ancient Man: An Essay on Speculative Thought in the Ancient Near East (Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press, 1946).

Thorkild Jacobsen, The Treasures of Darkness: A History of Mesopotamian Religion (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1976).

Journal of Cuneiform Studies, Volume IV, Number 1 (New Haven: American Schools of Oriental Research, 1950).

Kathleen M. Kenyon, Archaeology in the Holy Land (4th ed.; New York: W. W. Norton and Company, 1979).

Douglas A. Knight and Gene M. Tucker, eds., The Hebrew Bible and its Modern Interpreters (Chico, Calif.: Scholars Press, 1985).

S. N. Kramer, Sumerian Mythology: A Study of Spiritual and Literary Achievement in the Third Millennium B.C. (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1961).

Werner Georg Kümmel, Introduction to the New Testament (rev. ed.; trans. Howard Clark Kee; Nashville: Abingdon, 1975).

The Legacy of Israel (ed. E. R. Bevan and C. Singer; Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1927; reprinted, 1953).

Bernard Lewis, The Arabs in History (rev. ed.; New York: Harper & Row, 1967).

H. Lewy, "Assyria c. 2600-1816 B.C.," Chapter 25 of Volume 1 of the revised edition of The Cambridge Ancient History (Cambridge: The University Press, 1966).

The Literary Guide to the Bible (ed. Robert Alter and Frank Kermode; Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1987).

T. J. Meek, Hebrew Origins (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1960).

J. Mellaart, The Neolithic of the Near East (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1975).

G. E. Mendenhall, The Tenth Generation: The Origins of the Biblical Tradition (Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1973).

A. Moortgat, The Art of Ancient Mesopotamia (New York: Phaidon, 1969).

The Near East: The Early Civilizations (ed. J. Bottéro, E. Cassin, and J. Vercoutter; New York: Delacorte Press, 1967).

O. Neugebauer, The Exact Sciences in Antiquity (2d ed.; New York: Dover Publications, 1969).

A. L. Oppenheim, Ancient Mesopotamia: Portrait of a Dead Civilization (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1964).

The Oxford History of the Classical World (ed. J. Boardman, J. Griffin, and O. Murray; Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1986).

A. Parrot, The Arts of Assyria (New York: Golden Press, 1961).

A. de Sélincourt, The World of Herodotus (Boston and Toronto: Little, Brown and Company, 1962).

K. L. Tallqvist, Akkadische Götterepitheta (Helsinki, 1938; reprinted, Hildesheim: G. Olms, 1974).

P. Van Der Meer, The Chronology of Ancient Western Asia and Egypt (2d ed., revised. Leiden: Brill, 1955).

R. de Vaux, Ancient Israel (2 vols.; New York: McGraw-Hill, 1965).

G. E. Wright, ed., The Bible in the Ancient Near East: Essays in honor of William Foxwell Albright (New York: Doubleday, 1965).

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